Diabetes can attack anyone, especially because the style of modern urban life that make us driven. If you are not alert, not only us but our children can also become victims
Diabetes can attack anyone, especially because the style of modern urban life that make us driven. If you are not alert, not only us but our children can also become victims
What is Diabetes Mellitus That?
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) disease is a metabolic aberration caused by a lack of hormone insulin. Hormone insulin is produced by a group of beta cells in the pancreas gland and plays a role in glucose metabolism in the cell body. The high rate of glucose in the body can not be absorbed and not all experienced in the metabolism of cells. As a result, someone will lack energy, so easily tired and weight continue to drop. The rate of excess glucose was issued through the kidney and urine together. Sugar has the interesting nature of the water causing a lot of the urine and always feel thirsty.
Diabetes Mellitus also regarded as a metabolic disease that is included in the group of blood sugar that exceed normal limits arau hiperglikemia (more than 120 mg / dl or 120 mg%). Therefore, DM often also called the sugar disease. Now, diabetes is not only considered as interference carbohydrate metabolism, but also concerning the metabolism of protein and fat. As a result, DM often cause complications that are prolonged (chronic), especially on the structure and function of blood vessels. If this is left for it, other complications will arise quite fatal, such as heart disease, kidney, blindness, aterosklerosis, even some of the body can be amputated.
Diabetes Mellitus is often called the great imitator, a disease that can attack all organs and cause various complaints. The disease emerged in slowly, so that someone is not aware of the various changes in himself. Changes such as drinking a lot more, urine more often, and weight continue to decline, lasted long enough and usually do not tend to be someone to go to the doctor and check the rate of blood glucose.
Causes Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus due to the decreasing production and the availability of insulin in the body or the occurrence of interference insulin function that actually bears enough. Lack of insulin due to damage a small part or most of the beta cells langerhans islands in the pancreas gland that produce insulin function. However, if dirunut more, some of the factors that cause the DM as follows.
Or genetic factor Keturunan
Diabetes Mellitus tend to be downgraded or diawariskan, not transmitted. DM family members of people (diabetisi) have a greater likelihood of the disease compared with the family members who do not suffer from DM. The health experts also mentioned the DM is a disease that terpaut sex or sex chromosome. Usually men to be patient indeed, while the women who brought the parties to inherited genes to their children.
Viruses and bacteria
DM is the virus that causes rubela, mumps, and human coxsackievirus B4. Through the mechanism of infection sitolitik in beta cells, the virus causing this destruksi or destruction of cells. It is also, this virus attacks through otoimunitas reaction that causes the loss of otoimun in beta cells. Diabetes Mellitus due to the bacteria can not detect. However, health experts suspect the bacteria cause significant role DM.
Toxic release or toxic materials
Toxic material that is able to damage the beta cells is directly alloxan, pyrinuron (Rodenticides), and streptozoctin (similar product from the mushroom). Cyanide other material is derived from cassava.
Nutrition
Nutrition excessive (overnutrition) is the first risk factor that is known to cause DM. The excess weight or obesity due to excessive nutrients, the more likely to have a DM.
General symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus
DM symptoms can appear suddenly, when someone can also make checks for diseases other than DM.
The symptoms are very common:
frequent urination at night (poliuria)
always feel thirsty (polidipsia)
always feel hungry (polifagia)
Other common symptoms that cause a person want to immediately go to the doctor is the aberration such as itching and skin sores, such as leucorrhoea aberration gynecology, and the pins are accompanied by a sense of death. Sometimes the body to become weak and very tired. Usually appear wounds or sores that never healed, or infection occurs in the urine channel. Can also occur platforms, cataracts, or a woman delivered a baby weighing more than 4 kilograms.
Diagnosis Diabetes Mellitus
Typically, doctors will perform the suspected diagnosis first, which is based on complaints or symptoms typical of the experience seseorang.setelah continued to conduct inspections to ensure someone is suffering from DM or not.
This diagnosis is called the diagnosis with certainty. After that, doctors will decide that someone has suffered DM if meet the criteria as follows:
A person suffering with symptoms typical of complaints as mentioned above, plus the rate of blood glucose while greater than or equal to 200 mg / dl.
Someone has a rate of fasting blood glucose greater than or equal to 126 mg / dl as much as 2 times during the inspection that is different.
If the inspection rate of blood glucose during a doubt, needs to be done oral glucose tolerance test with the purpose to ensure the diagnosis.
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